Glossary

Rail system

A girder structure on which a handling device travels, allowing it to reach every point of a line or area. Designs include the single-girder system for one line, the area system of main and cross girders, and the monorail with switches. From roughly three similar workstations it is usually cheaper than individual units.

Also
Light crane · Light crane system · Crane runway · Monorail · Overhead track
Also known as
  • Light crane
  • Light crane system
  • Crane runway
  • Monorail
  • Overhead track
01

What a rail system is

A rail system – also called a light crane system – consists of profile rails in or on which trolleys run. A hoist or a handling device hangs from the trolley. A device that only lifts thus becomes an installation serving a line or a whole area.

Unlike an overhead travelling crane, a rail system is normally moved by hand. It is intended for loads that a person guides at the workstation, not for transport across the building.

02

The layouts

Which layout fits depends on whether a line, an area or several separate zones are to be served.

  • Monorail: one rail above a line; the device travels from station to station.
  • Area system: a bridge runs on two parallel runways and the trolley on the bridge – every point of the rectangle can be reached.
  • Monorail with curves and switches: links distant zones without covering the whole area.
  • Free-standing gantry: its own columns carry the system where the building must not take loads.
03

What the system hangs from

A rail system does not support itself. It is suspended from the roof structure, tied to building columns or placed on its own supports. Which variant is possible is decided by the structural capacity of the building – so the question of load reserve comes before the choice of system.

Many systems are suspended on articulated hangers. The rails then align themselves under load, and dimensional deviations of the building do not cause constraint forces in the system.

04

What makes a system easy to move

The operator sets in motion not only the load but everything that travels with it: trolley, hoist and – on an area system – the entire bridge. The lower this moving mass and the better the wheels, the smaller the force for starting and stopping. Aluminium profiles have the advantage here; steel profiles at long spans and higher loads.

With long bridges or heavy loads, moving by hand becomes laborious. Travel drives are then worth considering.

05

What planning often misses

Three points are regularly considered too late. First, the energy supply: compressed air, power and signals have to travel along. Second, collisions with lighting, ventilation, sprinklers and cable trays under the roof. Third, extension: the grid of the main girders determines where workstations can stand in future.

A rail system with a hoist is a crane. In Germany it falls under DGUV Vorschrift 52 and is inspected before first use and periodically thereafter.

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Overview

Rail system layouts

Layout Working area Typical use
Monorail One line Row of machines, assembly line
Area system Rectangular area Work zone with several stations
Monorail with switches Branched route Linking separate zones
Free-standing gantry Line or area Buildings without load reserve, rented premises
Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked questions about Rail system

Aluminium or steel – which profile is better?

Aluminium is lighter; the bridge moves with less force and the building structure is loaded less. Steel is economical at long spans and higher loads. The decision follows from load, span and suspension spacing.

Does a rail system have to be inspected?

Yes. Together with the hoist it counts as a crane and is inspected before first use and periodically – in Germany as a rule at least once a year by a competent person.

Can a rail system be extended later?

Normally yes, because the systems are modular. Additional bridges and longer runways are simple; changing the suspension grid is laborious. Anyone expecting growth plans the grid for it from the start.

When does a rail system pay off compared with individual units?

As a rule of thumb from about three similar workstations located next to each other. One device on the rail then serves all stations, and the floor stays clear of pillars.

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